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1.
Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery ; (12): 666-671, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-986943

ABSTRACT

Objective: To analyze the surgical efficacy of patients with mixed hearing loss and otosclerosis with different air bone gap (ABG) before surgery, and to provide reference for the prognosis evaluation of otosclerosis surgery. Methods: The clinical data of 108 cases(116 ears) of otosclerosis who had undergone stapes fenestration technique artificial stapes implantation in Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from November 2013 to May 2020 and had mixed hearing loss before surgery were collected, including 71 women(76 ears)and 37 men (40 ears), with an average age of 38.5 years. According to preoperative pure tone audiometry ABG, they were divided into three groups: group S, 15 dB≤ABG<31 dB, a total of 39 ears; group M, 31 dB≤ABG<46 dB, a total of 58 ears; and group L, ABG≥46 dB, 19 ears in total. The hearing outcomes of three groups of patients at 6-12 months after surgery were compared and analyzed using SPSS 24.0 statistical software. Results: A total of 3 patients (group S: 2 cases; group L: 1 case) experienced severe sensorineural hearing loss after surgery and were not included in the statistical analysis. After surgery, the pure tone hearing threshold of patients with otosclerosis in each group was significantly improved compared to before surgery, with an average air conduction threshold improvement of(21.6±13.4) dB. The difference between before and after surgery was statistically significant(t=17.13, P<0.01). The average bone conduction threshold improved by(3.7±7.6) dB, and the difference was statistically significant before and after surgery(t=5.20, P<0.01). The postoperative ABG was(18.3±9.3) dB, which was significantly reduced compared to preoperative(36.2±8.6)dB. Among the three groups of patients, the L group had the highest improvement in air conduction threshold[(29.9±10.8)dB], while the S group had the lowest improvement[(15.7±11.4)dB]. There was no statistically significant difference in post operative pure tone hearing thresholds between the three groups(P>0.05). The postoperative ABG in group S was the smallest[(16.5±9.0)dB], while in group L, the postoperative ABG was the largest[(20.5±10.0)dB]. Compared with group S, group M and group L still had a large residual ABG at 2 000 Hz after surgery. The bone conduction threshold of both S and M groups improved to some extent after surgery compared to before (P<0.01). Conclusions: Surgery can benefit patients with mixed hearing loss and otosclerosis with different preoperative ABG. Patients with small preoperative ABG have better surgical results and ideal ABG closure at all frequencies after surgery. Patients with large preoperative ABG can significantly increase the gas conduction threshold during surgery, but certain frequencies of ABG may still be left behind after surgery. The improvement effect of surgery on bone conduction threshold is not significant. Patients should be informed of treatment methods such as hearing aids based on their actual situation for selection.


Subject(s)
Male , Humans , Female , Adult , Bone Conduction , Otosclerosis/surgery , Hearing Loss, Mixed Conductive-Sensorineural/surgery , Stapes Surgery/methods , Treatment Outcome , Auditory Threshold , Hearing , Audiometry, Pure-Tone , Deafness , Retrospective Studies
2.
Audiol., Commun. res ; 27: e2622, 2022. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1403549

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar as respostas das emissões otoacústicas (EOA) evocadas por estímulo transiente e produto de distorção em indivíduos com doença de Ménière. Métodos Estudo transversal com casuística composta por 60 indivíduos de 19 a 75 anos de idade, distribuídos em dois grupos: grupo estudo, com 32 indivíduos com diagnóstico médico de doença de Ménière, sem outros riscos, e grupo controle formado por 28 indivíduos com perda coclear, sem doença de Ménière, pareado por idade e gênero ao grupo estudo. Critério de elegibilidade: curva tipo A, sem perda condutiva ou mista ou suspeita de alteração retrococlear. A avaliação audiológica foi composta por anamnese, inspeção do meato acústico externo, audiometria tonal limiar, logoaudiometria, medidas de imitância acústica e emissões otoacústicas evocadas por estímulo transiente e produto de distorção. Resultados Os indivíduos com Ménière apresentaram maior ocorrência de perda unilateral, zumbido pitch grave, vertigem e plenitude auricular em relação ao controle. Nesses indivíduos, houve maior incompatibilidade entre os resultados das EOA e da audiometria tonal: nas perdas unilaterais, observaram-se alterações nas EOA nas orelhas com limiares auditivos normais do lado contralateral, caracterizando disfunções cocleares. Nas orelhas com perda coclear, houve presença de EOAT (por estímulo transiente) e ausência de EOAPD (produto de distorção), contrapondo-se ao grupo controle, que apresentou ausência de EOAT e de EOAPD, como o esperado em perdas cocleares de outras etiologias. Conclusão A pesquisa das emissões na doença de Ménière identificou disfunção coclear na orelha contralateral nos casos unilaterais e presença de EOAT com ausência de EOAPD nas orelhas com perda auditiva, diferenciando-se das perdas cocleares de outras etiologias.


ABSTRACT Purpose To verify the responses of Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions by transient stimulus and distortion product in individuals with Ménière's Disease. Methods Cross-sectional study with a sample composed of 60 individuals, aged 19 to 75 years, divided into two groups: study group, with 32 individuals with a medical diagnosis of Ménière's disease, without other risks and a control group formed by 28 individuals with cochlear loss without Meniere's disease, age and sex matched to the study group. Eligibility criteria: type A curve, without conductive or mixed loss or suspected retrocochlear alteration. The audiological evaluation consisted of anamnesis, inspection of the external acoustic meatus, pure tone audiometry, logoaudiometry, measures of acoustic immittance and transient evoked otoacoustic emissions and distortion product. Results Individuals with Ménière's disease had a higher occurrence of unilateral hearing loss, low pitch tinnitus, vertigo and ear fullness in relation to the control. In these individuals, there was greater incompatibility between the results of OAE and pure tone audiometry: in unilateral hearing loss, alterations in OAE were observed in ears with normal hearing thresholds on the contralateral side, characterizing cochlear dysfunctions. In the ears with cochlear loss, there was the presence of TEOAE and absence of DPOAE, in contrast to the control group, which showed the absence of TEOAE and DPOAE, as expected in cochlear losses of other etiologies. Conclusion The investigation of emissions in Ménière's disease identified cochlear dysfunction in the contralateral ear in unilateral cases and the presence of TOAE with absence of DPOAE in ears with hearing loss, differentiating from cochlear losses of other etiologies.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Audiometry, Pure-Tone , Auditory Threshold/physiology , Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous/physiology , Meniere Disease/physiopathology , Case-Control Studies , Endolymphatic Hydrops/physiopathology , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/etiology
3.
Audiol., Commun. res ; 27: e2661, 2022. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1420255

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar a correlação das diferentes médias tonais (tritonal, quadritonal e octonal) com o Índice Percentual de Reconhecimento de Fala e com a desvantagem auditiva. Métodos Participaram do estudo 56 sujeitos, distribuídos em dois grupos, com configuração audiométrica descendente: Grupo 1 (G1) - 28 sujeitos com média tritonal igual ou inferior a 25 dBNA e Grupo 2 (G2) - 28 sujeitos com média tritonal pior que 25 dBNA (G2), sendo pareados quanto ao gênero e idade (p= 0,544). Todos foram submetidos à audiometria tonal liminar, Índice Percentual de Reconhecimento de Fala (IPRF) com lista monossilábica de palavras gravadas, medidas de imitância acústica e ao questionário Hearing Handicap Inventory for Adults. A análise de correlação foi realizada entre as médias de três frequências (M3), de quatro frequências (M4) e de oito frequências (M8) com o IPRF e com a desvantagem auditiva, utilizando o teste de correlação de Spearman, sendo o nível de significância considerado <0,05 (5%). Resultados Evidenciou-se correlação estatisticamente significativa do IPRF com a M8, para o G1, e do IPRF com M4 e M8, para o G2. Observou-se tendência à significância, tanto para o G1, como para o G2, em relação à M8, quando correlacionada com a desvantagem auditiva, demonstrando que analisar as oito frequências do audiograma (frequências mais agudas que 4000 Hz) parece possibilitar maior compreensão em relação à desvantagem auditiva do paciente. Conclusão Houve correlação estatisticamente significativa do IPRF com a M8, nos dois grupos, denotando uma redução no desempenho do IPRF, com o aumento da média, considerando as oito frequências. A M8 refletiu melhor a desvantagem auditiva causada pela perda auditiva, no G1.


ABSTRACT Purpose To verify the correlation of different tonal means (tritonal, quadritonal and octanol) with the Percentage Index of Speech Recognition and with hearing disadvantage. Methods 56 subjects participated in the study, distributed into two groups, with descendant audiometric configuration: Subjects with tritonal average equal to or less than 25 dB HL(G1) and subjects with a tritone average worse than 25 dB HL(G2), being matched for sex and age (p=0.544). All were safe by Threshold Tone Audiometry, Speech Recognition Percentage Index (IPRF) with a list of keywords, Acoustic I Measures and the Elearing Handicap Inventory for Adults. The correlation analysis was performed between the averages, of three frequencies (M3), of four frequencies (M4) and of eight frequencies (M8) with the IPRF and with auditory disadvantage, using the Spearman correlation test, the significance level being considered <0.05 (5%). Results There was a statistically significant correlation of the IPRF with M8 , for G1, and the IPRF with M4 and M8, for G2. There was a tendency towards significance, both for G1 and G2, in relation to M8 when correlated with hearing impairment, demonstrating that analyzing the eight frequencies of the audiogram (frequencies higher than 4000 Hz) seems to allow a greater understanding of the patient's hearing handicap. Conclusion There was a statistically significant correlation between the IPRF and M8, in both groups, denoting a reduction in the performance of the IPRF, with an increase in the mean, considering the eight frequencies. M8 better reflected the hearing disadvantage caused by the hearing loss in G1.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Audiometry, Pure-Tone/methods , Auditory Perception , Speech Acoustics , Voice Recognition , Hearing Loss/physiopathology
4.
Chinese Journal of Medical Instrumentation ; (6): 152-155, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-928877

ABSTRACT

This paper analyzes the shortcomings of the existing pure tone audiometers, and proposes a system to realize pure tone audiometry and speech audiometry with a new DSP processor. The pure tone test signal produced by the system has accurate frequency, high signal-to-noise ratio, and small harmonic distortion. The noise generator that comes with DSP adds a band-pass filter to realize the generation of narrow-band noise. At the same time, due to the modular structure of software design, the system has good ease of use and scalability. The test results show that the hearing test system has excellent performance and can be better used in hearing medical diagnosis.


Subject(s)
Audiometry, Pure-Tone/methods , Hearing , Noise , Signal-To-Noise Ratio
5.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 87(6): 728-732, Nov.-Dec. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1350349

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Turner syndrome is a frequent genetic disorder that affects female individuals and covers a large phenotypic variability. Scientific literature suggests an association between hearing loss and Turner syndrome, but it remains a controversial topic. Objective: To associate the cytogenetic alteration with the audiometric profile of individuals with Turner syndrome. Methods: Cross-sectional study, with a hospital-based, convenience sample. Patients diagnosed with Turner syndrome were included and those with difficulty understanding the audiometry and/or other associated syndromes were excluded. The participants were studied with pure tone audiometry. Results: Of the 65 patients included, 36.9% had X chromosome monosomy and 63.0% had other alterations. Regarding the audiometry, 64.6% had normal thresholds and 35.3% had hearing impairment. Of these, 30.4% had hybrid hearing loss, 26.0% alteration at 6 and/or 8 kHz, 17.3% had conductive hearing loss, 13.0% sensorineural loss and 13.0% had mixed hearing loss. We observed that the mild degree was the most frequent one. There was no statistically significant association between the cytogenetic type of Turner syndrome and the presence or absence of hearing loss, or with the type and degree of hearing loss. Conclusion: The cytogenetic alteration in Turner syndrome was not associated with the audiometric profile, which showed variability regarding the type and degree of hearing loss.


Resumo Introdução: A síndrome de Turner é uma alteração frequente e genética que acomete indivíduos do sexo feminino e abrange grande variabilidade fenotípica. A literatura científica sugere uma relação entre perda auditiva e síndrome de Turner, porém ainda é um tema controverso. Objetivo: Relacionar a alteração citogenética com o perfil audiométrico de indivíduos com síndrome de Turner. Método: Estudo transversal, com amostra de conveniência, de base hospitalar. Foram incluídas pacientes com diagnóstico de síndrome de Turner e excluídas as com dificuldade para compreender a audiometria e/ou outras síndromes associadas. As participantes foram submetidas à audiometria tonal. Resultados: Das 65 pacientes incluídas, 36,9% apresentaram monossomia do cromossomo X e 63,0%, outras alterações. Com relação à audiometria, 64,6% apresentaram limiares dentro da normalidade e 35,3% alteração auditiva. Dessas, 30,4% apresentaram perda auditiva híbrida, 26,0% alteração em 6 e/ou 8 KHz; 17,3% perda auditiva condutiva, 13,0% perda neurossensorial e 13,0% perda auditiva mista. Observamos que o grau leve foi o mais frequente. Não foi observada associação estatiscamente significativa entre o tipo citogenético da síndrome de Turner e a presença ou não perda auditiva, ou com o tipo e grau de perda auditiva. Conclusão: A alteração citogenética na síndrome de Turner não teve associação com o perfil audiométrico, o qual apresentou variabilidade quanto ao tipo e grau da perda auditiva.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Turner Syndrome/complications , Turner Syndrome/genetics , Hearing Loss/diagnosis , Hearing Loss/genetics , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural , Audiometry, Pure-Tone , Cross-Sectional Studies , Cytogenetic Analysis
6.
Journal of Forensic Medicine ; (6): 813-816, 2021.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-984079

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES@#To explore the relationship between the frequency characteristics and response threshold of auditory steady-state response (ASSR), auditory brainstem response (ABR) and 40 Hz auditory event related potential (40 Hz AERP), and their application values in forensic medicine.@*METHODS@#Thirty volunteers with normal hearing (60 ears) were selected to perform pure tone audiometry (PTA) threshold and ASSR, ABR and 40 Hz AERP response threshold tests in the standard sound insulation shielding room, and the results were statistically analyzed by SPSS 22.0 software.@*RESULTS@#At 0.5 kHz and 1.0 kHz frequencies, the correlation between 40 Hz AERP response threshold and PTA threshold was good, which was better than that of ASSR and ABR response threshold. At 2.0 kHz and 4.0 kHz frequencies, the correlation between ASSR and ABR response thresholds and PTA threshold was good, which was better than that of 40 Hz AERP response threshold.@*CONCLUSIONS@#To evaluate the hearing at 0.5 kHz and 1.0 kHz frequencies, it is recommended to use 40 Hz AERP and ASSR to comprehensively assess the PTA threshold of the subjects. To evaluate the hearing at 2.0 kHz and 4.0 kHz frequencies, ABR and ASSR are recommended to assess the PTA threshold of subjects comprehensively. The combination of ASSR, ABR and 40 Hz AERP can improve the accuracy of hearing function evaluation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Acoustic Stimulation/methods , Audiometry, Evoked Response , Audiometry, Pure-Tone , Auditory Threshold/physiology , Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem/physiology , Forensic Medicine , Hearing/physiology
7.
Rev. CEFAC ; 23(3): e13620, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1250697

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: to investigate the auditory skills of temporal resolution and ordering in people who stutter. Methods: an observational, cross-sectional, analytical, and comparative research between study and control groups conducted at a speech-language-hearing teaching clinic of an academic institution, comprising people who stutter (who attended a public outreach program) and volunteers without communicative disorders, for 13 months. The procedures used were auditory perception anamnesis, acoustic immittance, and pure-tone and speech audiometry to discharge hearing changes. The participants who met the eligibility criteria had their resolution and ordering skills assessed with the Gaps-in-Noise, Random Gap Detection, Pitch Pattern Sequence, and Duration Pattern Sequence tests and the data obtained were entered into a spreadsheet for descriptive and inferential statistical analyses. Results: the study group presented changes in temporal resolution and ordering. A statistically significant difference was also verified comparing the assessment findings of the study and control groups, in all the assessment tests. Conclusion: temporal resolution and ordering changes were observed in the people presented with stuttering, regardless of sex or chronological age.


RESUMO Objetivo: investigar as habilidades auditivas de resolução e ordenação temporal em pessoas que gaguejam. Métodos: estudo observacional transversal analítico e comparativo entre o grupo estudo e o controle. Realizado numa Clínica-Escola de Fonoaudiologia de uma instituição de ensino com pessoas que gaguejam atendidos em projeto de extensão universitária, bem como por voluntários sem distúrbio de comunicação, no período de 13 meses. Os procedimentos realizados foram anamnese de percepção auditiva, imitanciometria, audiometria tonal e vocal para descartar alteração na audição. Para os participantes que atenderam aos critérios de elegibilidade, realizou-se a avaliação das habilidades de resolução e ordenação com os seguintes testes: Gaps in Noise; Random Gap Detection Test; Pitch Pattern Sequence; e Duration Pattern Sequence. Após a realização dos testes descritos acima, os dados obtidos foram alocados em planilha digital para análise estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: o grupo estudo apresentou alteração nas habilidades de resolução e ordenação temporal. Verificou-se, também, a diferença estatisticamente significante nos achados avaliativos dos grupos estudo e controle, quando comparados, para todos os testes realizados nas avaliações. Conclusão: observou-se alteração das habilidades de resolução e ordenação temporal nos indivíduos com gagueira, independentemente do gênero ou idade cronológica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Speech Perception/physiology , Stuttering/physiopathology , Temporal Lobe/physiology , Audiometry, Pure-Tone , Case-Control Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies
8.
CoDAS ; 33(6): e20200287, 2021. graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1339723

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Elaborar uma ferramenta virtual, com fins didáticos, que possibilite a integração da tecnologia ao ensino da Audiometria Tonal Limiar (ATL) e logoaudiometria. Método O audiômetro da marca Interacoustics AD229b foi utilizado como modelo físico para a consecução da ferramenta virtual. Utilizou-se a linguagem de programação Visual Basic 6, de modo que as cores, os caracteres e as funções fossem similares ao audiômetro real. Além disso, acrescentou-se a possibilidade de simular a resposta do paciente, como também de registrar os limiares auditivos em um audiograma virtualizado. Para a logoaudiometria, implementou-se a possibilidade de ajuste do "VU meter" e o registro da quantidade de acertos e erros no exame. Resultados A ferramenta desenvolvida mostrou-se capaz de reproduzir as frequências de 125 a 8000 Hz, em intensidades que variam de -10 a 110 dB, sendo possível empregar diferentes formas de apresentação do estímulo, assim como o mascaramento clínico por condução aérea e óssea. A ativação da função "microfone" pode ser aplicada para facilitar o ensino da logoaudiometria. Conclusão A versão virtualizada do audiômetro mostrou-se semelhante ao equipamento modelo, tornando factível a integração da tecnologia ao ensino, com exemplificação da ATL e da logoaudiometria.


ABSTRACT Purpose To elaborate a virtual tool, with didactic purposes, that allows the integration of technology to the teaching of Pure Tone Audiometry (PTA) and speech audiometry. Methods The Interacoustics AD229b audiometer was used as a physical model to achieve the virtual tool. The Visual Basic 6 programming language was used, so that the colors, characters, and functions were similar to the real audiometer. In addition, the possibility of simulating the patient's response was added, as well as of recording the hearing thresholds in a virtual audiogram. For speech audiometry, the possibility of adjusting the VU meter and recording the number of correct and incorrect answers were implemented. Results The developed tool was able to reproduce frequencies from 125 Hz to 8000 Hz, in intensities ranging from -10 to 110 dB, being possible to use different stimulus, as well as clinical masking by air and bone conduction. The microphone button can be used to facilitate the teaching of speech audiometry. Conclusion The virtual version of the audiometer is similar to the model equipment, making the integration of technology into teaching feasible, with exemplify the PTA and speech audiometry.


Subject(s)
Humans , Bone Conduction , Hearing , Audiometry, Pure-Tone , Auditory Threshold , Technology
9.
CoDAS ; 33(6): e20200192, 2021. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1339728

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar o benefício obtido pela prescrição de ganho acústico baseada nos limiares audiométricos obtidos com tons puros (Warble) e com ruído de faixa estreita (NB). Método Amostra de 30 idosos, com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos, perda auditiva neurossensorial de grau moderado a severo simétrica bilateral de configuração descendente com limiares em 4kHz iguais ou inferiores a 70dBNA. Foram dois grupos. GTP (grupo tom puro): 15 idosos tiveram as próteses auditivas adaptadas com emprego dos limiares obtidos com tom puro e grupo GNB (grupo Narrowband): 15 idosos tiveram as próteses auditivas adaptadas por meio dos limiares obtidos com NB. Os procedimentos realizados antes da adaptação de próteses auditivas e após três meses de uso de amplificação foram: Escala COSI, IPRF (Índice Percentual de Reconhecimento de fala), Relação Sinal/Ruído e análise do tempo de uso do AASI. O Questionário Internacional de Aparelho de Amplificação Sonora Individual (QI-AASI) foi aplicado após três meses. Resultados Os idosos do grupo em que as próteses auditivas foram adaptadas com ganho prescrito com base nos limiares auditivos obtidos com o estímulo Narrow Band apresentaram melhor desempenho nos seguintes testes: IPRF à orelha direita, pontuação total do questionário QI-AASI, escala COSI e maior tempo de uso do AASI em comparação ao grupo GTP. Conclusão Observou-se maior benefício com o uso de próteses auditivas, pela pontuação total do questionário QI-AASI, escala COSI e maior tempo de uso do AASI, no grupo cuja prescrição do ganho acústico baseou-se nos limiares audiométricos obtidos com o Narrowband.


ABSTRACT Purpose To verify the benefit obtained by the prescription of acoustic gain based on the auditory thresholds obtained with pure tones modulated in frequency and with Narrow Band Noise. Methods The sample consisted of 30 elderly people, aged 60 years or over with moderate to severe descending sensorineural symmetrical hearing loss with thresholds at 4kHz equal to or less than 70dBHL. There were two groups. GTP (pure tone group): 15 elderly people had their hearing aids fitted through the auditory thresholds obtained with pure tone and the GNB group (narrow band group): 15 elderly people had their hearing aids fitted through the auditory thresholds obtained with NB. The procedures performed before the fitting of hearing aids and after three months of amplification use were: COSI, WRS (Word Recognition Score), Signal/Noise ratio. The International Outcome Inventory for Hearing Aids (IOI-HA) was applied only after three months of hearing aid fitting. Results The elderly people in the group in which the hearing aids were fitted with a prescribed gain based on the hearing thresholds obtained with the Narrow Band stimulus showed better performance in the following tests: WRS on the right ear, total score of the IOI-HA inventory, COSI and longer use of hearing aids compared to the GTP group. Conclusion There was a greater benefit with the use of hearing aids, due to the total score of the IOI-HA inventory, COSI scale and longer daily use time of hearing aids, in the group whose prescription of acoustic gain was based on the auditory thresholds obtained with narrow band.


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Hearing Aids , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural , Audiometry, Pure-Tone , Auditory Threshold , Acoustics , Prescriptions
10.
Rev. CEFAC ; 23(1): e10020, 2021. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1143682

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: to verify the association between the auditory assessment result and the speech-language-hearing diagnosis in children and adolescents. Methods: an observational, cross-sectional study based on the analysis of medical records of children and adolescents that received care at a speech-language-hearing assessment outpatient center between 2010 and 2014. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, speech-language-hearing diagnosis, auditory examination results, and Auditory Processing Simplified Assessment results were collected. Descriptive and association analyses were conducted with either the chi-squared or Fisher's exact test, considering the 5% statistical significance level. Results: the sample comprised 122 participants, most of them males (67.2%), mean age 8.78 years. A statistically significant association was verified between the audiometry result and the diagnostic hypothesis of change in written language (p = 0.011); between the results of both the sequential memory test for nonverbal sounds and sound localization and the diagnostic hypotheses of change in the cognitive aspects of language (p = 0.019 and p = 0.033, respectively) and of speech (p = 0.003 and p = 0.020, respectively); and between the result of the sequential memory test for verbal sounds and the diagnostic hypothesis of change in speech (p = 0.005). Conclusion: given the associations found, it is proposed that children and adolescents with changes in speech undergo the Auditory Processing Simplified Assessment to verify the possibility of changed aspects, favoring directed therapeutic interventions.


RESUMO Objetivo: verificar a associação entre o resultado da avaliação auditiva e o diagnóstico fonoaudiológico de crianças e adolescentes atendidos em um ambulatório universitário. Métodos: trata-se de estudo observacional transversal, baseado em análise dos prontuários de crianças e adolescentes atendidos em um ambulatório de avaliação fonoaudiológica entre 2010 e 2014. Foram coletados dados referentes às características sociodemográficas, diagnóstico fonoaudiológico, resultados do exame auditivo e da Avaliação Simplificada do Processamento Auditivo. Foi realizada análise descritiva e de associação, utilizando o teste Qui-quadrado ou Exato de Fisher e considerando nível de significância estatística de 5%. Resultados: a amostra foi composta por 122 participantes, a maioria do sexo masculino (67,2%), com média de idade de 8,78 anos. Foi verificada associação estatisticamente significante entre o resultado da audiometria e a hipótese diagnóstica de alteração da linguagem escrita (p = 0,011); entre os resultados dos testes de Memória Sequencial Não Verbal e de localização sonora com as hipóteses diagnósticas de alteração dos aspectos cognitivos da linguagem (p = 0,019 e p = 0,033, respectivamente) e da fala (p = 0,003 e p = 0,020, respectivamente) e entre o resultado do teste de Memória Sequencial Verbal com a hipótese diagnóstica de alteração de fala (p = 0,005). Conclusão: diante das associações encontradas, propõe-se que crianças e adolescentes com alterações na fala realizem a Avaliação Simplificada do Processamento Auditivo com a finalidade de verificar possíveis aspectos alterados, favorecendo intervenções terapêuticas direcionadas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Hearing Disorders/diagnosis , Outpatients , Audiometry, Pure-Tone , Socioeconomic Factors , Cross-Sectional Studies
11.
CoDAS ; 33(5): e20200100, 2021. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1286123

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar a acurácia de instrumentos de custo acessível para triagem auditiva de adultos e idosos. Método Este estudo foi realizado com usuários de um Serviço de Saúde Auditiva do SUS. Todos foram submetidos a triagem com o aplicativo de smartphone MoBASA, o audiômetro Telessaúde (TS) e a versão eletrônica do Questionário de Handicap da Audição para Idosos (Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly - screening version - eHHIE-S). Os examinadores foram cegos quanto aos resultados dos testes de triagem e para os dados de audiometria de tom puro (ATP). Foram considerados com deficiência auditiva aqueles com média quadritonal na ATP maiores que 40 dB na melhor orelha. Sensibilidade, especificidade e valores preditivos positivo (VPP) e negativo (VPN) foram calculados. O índice Kappa foi usado como um indicador de concordância entre ATP e os resultados da triagem. Resultados A amostra constou de 80 indivíduos entre 18 a 94 anos (55,18 ± 20,21). Na ATP, 21 indivíduos (26,25%) apresentaram audição normal e 59 (73,75%) perda auditiva incapacitante. Nos testes de triagem auditiva observou-se valores de sensibilidade, especificidade, VPP e VPN maiores do que 75% no MoBASA e na sensibilidade e VPN do TS e eHHIE-S. Já a especificidade e VPP do TS e eHHIE-S foram inferiores a 75%. O índice Kappa indicou concordância substancial (0,6) entre o ATP e os resultados do MoBASA. No TS e eHHIE-S foi constatada regular concordância (0,3). Conclusão O MoBASA demonstrou ser um método acurado para triagem auditiva de adultos e idosos com perda auditiva incapacitante.


ABSTRACT Purpose To evaluate the accuracy of affordable instruments for hearing screening of adults and the elderly. Methods This study was carried out with users of a Hearing Health Service of the Unified Health System. All were screened with the MoBASA smartphone application, the Telehealth audiometer (TH) and the electronic version of the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly - screening version - eHHIE-S. The examiners were blinded to the results of the screening tests and pure tone audiometry (PTA). Hearing impairment was considered for those with a PTA quadritonal mean greater than 40 dB in the best ear. Sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV, respectively) were calculated. The Kappa index was used as an agreement indicator between the PTA and the screening results. Results The sample consisted of 80 individuals between 18 and 94 years old (55.18 ± 20.21). In the PTA test, 21 individuals (26.25%) had typical hearing and 59 (73.75%) hearing loss. In the hearing screening tests, sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV values greater than 75% were observed with the MoBASA as well as in terms of sensitivity and NPV of the TH and the eHHIE-S. The TH and the eHHIE-S specificity and PPV were less than 75%. The Kappa index indicated a substantial agreement (0.6) between the PTA and the MoBASA screening results. The TH and the eHHIE-S showed regular agreement (0.3). Conclusion MoBASA proved to be an accurate method for hearing screening of adults and the elderly with disabling hearing loss.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Deafness , Hearing Loss/diagnosis , Audiometry, Pure-Tone , Mass Screening , Hearing , Middle Aged
12.
CoDAS ; 33(5): e20200150, 2021. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1286131

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar a percepção da incapacidade auditiva, a audição e a cognição em idosos encaminhados para avaliação audiológica e verificar a existência de correlação entre a audição e as habilidades cognitivas. Método Estudo observacional e descritivo, realizado com 135 idosos. Os participantes realizaram a avaliação auditiva (Audiometria Tonal Limiar, Logoaudiometria, Imitanciometria) responderam a um inventário que avalia a percepção da incapacidade auditiva (questionário HHIE - Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly) e foram submetidos a um rastreio cognitivo (teste Mini Exame do Estado Mental - MEEM). Resultados Houve elevada prevalência de queixa auditiva e perda da audição nos idosos encaminhados para avaliação auditiva, mas não houve relação do grau da perda auditiva e da percepção da incapacidade auditiva em relação ao desempenho cognitivo. Conclusão Neste estudo, o grau da perda auditiva não influenciou o desempenho cognitivo dos idosos, e a percepção da incapacidade auditiva não diferiu entre indivíduos com cognição normal ou alterada.


ABSTRACT Purpose To analyze auditory perception, hearing and cognition in the elderly referred for audiological evaluation and search for correlations between hearing and cognitive abilities. Method An observational and descriptive study, carried out with 135 elderly people. The participants did the auditory (tonal audiometry, speech audiometry, immittance measures, HHIE Questionnaire - Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly) and the cognitive (MMSE - Mini Mental State Examination) assessments. Results There is a high prevalence of hearing complaints (91.85%) and hearing loss (91.85%) in the elderly referred for audiological assessment, but there was no relation between the degree of hearing loss (p = 0.537) and the auditory perception (p = 0.930) in relation to cognitive performance. Conclusion In this study, the degree of hearing loss did not influence the cognitive performance of the elderly, and the auditory handicap perception did not differ between individuals with normal or altered cognition.


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Speech Perception , Hearing , Audiometry, Pure-Tone , Audiometry, Speech , Auditory Perception , Cognition
13.
Rev. CEFAC ; 23(4): e7820, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1287880

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: to describe aspects of functioning and disability related to hearing and sociodemographic factors of audiology service users. Methods: an exploratory study with a probabilistic sample comprising 152 participants who answered a socioeconomic and assistance questionnaire. The functioning and disability were analyzed by means of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health. Descriptive data analyses were conducted. Results: most users of the Hearing Health Care Service considered they had mild (41.2%) or moderate (34.2%) disability in b1560 Auditory perception, and mild (36%) and moderate (35.1%) disability in b230 Hearing Functions. In Activities and Participation, the users of the Hearing Health Care Service obtained better results in d330 Speaking (83.3%), d315 Communicating with and receiving nonverbal messages (65.8%), and d760 Family relationships (65.1%). The hearing aid was a facilitator in these subjects' social interaction with the environment. Most of those attending the Audiology Outpatient Center did not have disabilities or difficulties in the activities and participation, and the environment was a facilitator. Conclusion: most of the participants attending the Hearing Health Care Service had a disability in auditory perception and hearing functions. However, such a disability was not a limiting factor in the performance of most of the activities and participations assessed.


RESUMO Objetivo: descrever aspectos da funcionalidade e incapacidade, relacionados à audição e fatores sociodemográficos de usuários de um serviço de audiologia. Métodos: estudo exploratório com amostra probabilística composta por 152 indivíduos que responderam um questionário socioeconômico e assistencial. A funcionalidade e incapacidade foram analisadas por meio da Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde. Foram realizadas análises descritivas dos dados. Resultados: a maior parte dos usuários do Serviço de Saúde Auditiva considerou ter deficiência ligeira 41,2% e moderada 34,2% em b1560Percepção Auditiva e deficiência ligeira 36% e moderada 35,1% em b230Funções Auditivas. Em Atividades e Participação os usuários do Serviço de Saúde Auditiva obtiveram melhores resultados em d330Falar 83,3%, d315Comunicar e receber mensagens não verbais 65,8% e d760Relacionamentos familiares 65,1%. O Aparelho de Amplificação Sonora Individual foi um facilitador na interação social desses sujeitos com o ambiente. A maioria dos indivíduos atendidos no Ambulatório de Audiologia não apresentou deficiência ou dificuldades nas atividades e participação e o ambiente atuou como um facilitador. Conclusão: a maior parte dos participantes atendidos no Serviço de Saúde Auditiva apresentou deficiência na percepção auditiva e funções auditivas, porém essa deficiência não atuou como um fator limitante no desempenho da maioria das atividades e participações avaliadas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health , Hearing Disorders/classification , Audiometry, Pure-Tone , Socioeconomic Factors , Severity of Illness Index
14.
Rev. CEFAC ; 23(2): e2319, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1155334

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: to verify a possible association between hearing loss and dysphonia, arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, thyroid diseases, and noise complaints. Methods: a cross-sectional study involving 60 teachers, mean age 47.05 years. Pure-tone threshold audiometry was used to assess hearing, the voice questionnaire and voice acoustic evaluation were used for voice perception and quality, and the standardized questionnaire verified noise complaint and comorbidities. The statistical analysis was conducted with Mann-Whitney and Fisher's exact tests and multivariate linear regression. Results: there was a significant association between hearing loss and diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and thyroid disease (both p <0.0001), but there was no association between noise complaints and hearing loss in this population. The regression showed that dysphonia (p = 0.0311) and diabetes mellitus (p = 0.0302) are independent risk factors for hearing loss. A correlation was found between hearing loss and voice characteristics: roughness, breathiness, tension, and resonance. Conclusion: this study showed that hypertension and thyroid diseases are factors associated with hearing loss. In addition, dysphonia and diabetes mellitus are independent factors associated with hearing loss in teachers. These results show the need for policies aimed at promoting teachers' health.


RESUMO Objetivo: verificar possível associação da perda auditiva com disfonia, hipertensão arterial (HA), diabetes mellitus (DM), doenças da tireoide e queixas de ruído. Métodos: estudo transversal envolvendo 60 professores, média de idade de 47,05 anos. Foi avaliada a audição por meio da Audiometria tonal limiar, a percepção e qualidade vocal com o questionário vocal e a avaliação vocal acústica, enquanto a queixa de ruído e as comorbidades envolvidas foram investigadas com o questionário padronizado. A análise estatística utilizou os testes Ex-act de Mann Whitney, Fisher e regressão linear multivariada. Resultados: houve associação significante entre perda auditiva e DM, HA e doenças da tireoide (ambas p <0,0001), mas não foi encontrada associação entre queixa de ruído e perda auditiva nesta população. A regressão mostrou que as variáveis disfonia (p = 0,0311) e DM (p = 0,0302) são fatores de risco independentes para perda auditiva. Houve correlação entre perda auditiva e as características vocais rugosidade, soprosidade, tensão e ressonância. Conclusão: este estudo demostrou que HA e doenças da tireoide são fatores associados a perda auditiva, além disso a disfonia e DM se constituem em fatores associados independentes para a perda auditiva em professores. Estes resultados mostram a necessidade de políticas direcionadas a promoção da saúde do professor.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Hearing Loss/etiology , Audiometry, Pure-Tone , Thyroid Diseases/complications , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Diabetes Mellitus , Dysphonia/complications , Hearing Loss/diagnosis , Hypertension/complications , Noise, Occupational/adverse effects
15.
Clinics ; 76: e2370, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1153984

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association among hypertension, tinnitus, and sensorineural hearing loss and evaluate the influence of other covariates on this association. METHODS: Baseline data (2008-2010) from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) were analyzed. Altogether, 900 participants were evaluated. The baseline assessment consisted of a 7-hour examination to obtain clinical and laboratory variables. Hearing was measured using pure-tone audiometry. RESULTS: Overall, 33.3% of the participants had hypertension. Participants with hypertension were more likely to be older, male, and diabetic compared to those without hypertension. The prevalence of tinnitus was higher among hypertensive participants and the odds ratio for tinnitus was higher in participants with hypertension than in those without hypertension. However, the difference was not significant after adjusting for age. Audiometric results at 250-8,000 Hz were worse in participants with hypertension than in those without hypertension in the crude analysis; however, the differences were not significant after adjustment for age, sex, diagnosis of diabetes, and exposure to noise. No significant difference was observed in hearing thresholds among participants having hypertension for <6 years, those having hypertension for ≥6 years, and individuals without hypertension. CONCLUSION: Hearing thresholds were worse in participants with hypertension. However, after adjusting for age, sex, diagnosis of diabetes, and exposure to noise, no significant differences were observed between participants with and without hypertension. A higher prevalence of tinnitus was observed in participants with hypertension compared to those without hypertension, but without significance after adjusting for age.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Tinnitus/epidemiology , Hearing Loss/diagnosis , Hearing Loss/epidemiology , Hypertension/complications , Hypertension/epidemiology , Audiometry, Pure-Tone , Auditory Threshold , Brazil/epidemiology , Longitudinal Studies
16.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 148(12)dic. 2020.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1389284

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a rare group of genetic disorders affecting connective tissue, with consequent bone fragility, frequent fractures and skeletal deformity. Depending on the type, patients can have blue sclera, dentinogenesis imperfecta, and hearing loss. Aim: To determine the frequency, type and audiometric characteristics of hearing loss in a group of patients with OI. Material and Methods: A prospective cohort study was completed. A clinical and diagnostic hearing evaluation with tympanometry, acoustic stapedial reflex, pure-tone and speech audiometry were performed. Results: Thirty patients completed the study; mean age of 22 years (range 6-63 years). Sixty seven percent had a type I OI. Overall, nine (30%) patients had hearing loss (15/60 ears). Of these, six had bilateral hearing loss. Of the 15 affected ears, six showed conductive hearing loss, five sensorineural hearing loss, and four mixed hearing loss. Patients with hearing loss were older than patients with normal hearing. Only one pediatric patient developed hearing loss. Of the ears without hearing loss, 13% did not have an acoustic stapedial reflex. Conclusions: In this group of patients with OI, 30% had hearing loss and among those ears with normal hearing, 13% did not have an acoustic stapedial reflex. Patients with OI should be monitored for hearing loss.


Antecedentes: La osteogénesis imperfecta (OI) es un grupo raro de trastornos genéticos que afectan al tejido conectivo, con la consiguiente fragilidad ósea, fracturas frecuentes y deformidad esquelética. Según el tipo, los pacientes pueden presentar escleras azules, dentinogénesis imperfecta e hipoacusia. Objetivos: Determinar la frecuencia, tipo y características audiométricas de la hipoacusia en un grupo de pacientes con OI. Material y Métodos: Se completó un estudio de cohorte prospectivo. Se realizó una evaluación clínica, y de la audición con timpanometría, reflejo estapedial, audiometría tonal y logoaudiometría. Resultados: Treinta pacientes completaron el estudio; edad media de 22 años (rango 6-63 años). El 67% tenía una OI tipo I. Nueve pacientes (30%) tuvieron hipoacusia (15/60 oídos). De estos, seis tenían hipoacusia bilateral. De los 15 oídos afectados, seis tenían hipoacusia de conducción, cinco hipoacusia neurosensorial y cuatro hipoacusia mixta. Los pacientes con hipoacusia eran mayores que los pacientes con audición conservada. Sólo un paciente pediátrico desarrolló hipoacusia. De los oídos sin hipoacusia, el 13% tenía un reflejo estapedial ausente. Conclusiones: En este grupo de pacientes con OI, el 30% tenía hipoacusia. Además, el 13% de los oídos con audición normal no tenía reflejo acústico estapedial. Los pacientes con OI deben ser monitoreados para detectar hipoacusia.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Humans , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Osteogenesis Imperfecta , Deafness , Hearing Loss , Osteogenesis Imperfecta/complications , Audiometry, Pure-Tone , Prospective Studies , Hearing Loss/diagnosis , Hearing Loss/etiology , Hearing Loss/epidemiology
17.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 86(6): 767-773, Nov.-Dec. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1142594

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Acute otitis media is a disease with high global prevalence, that can lead to several acute complications and auditory sequelae. Data regarding the auditory evaluation in the acute phase of acute otitis media are scarce. Objective: To evaluate the main audiometric changes (air and bone conduction thresholds) in the initial phase of an acute otitis media episode. Methods: A case-control study was performed. Patients diagnosed with acute otitis media with less than 7 days of evolution in relation to the complaint onset were selected, and healthy volunteers were selected as controls. The acute otitis media and control groups were submitted to pure tone and vocal audiometry. Results: The acute otitis media group included a total of 27 patients (30 ears). Hearing loss was present in 90.0% of the ears with acute otitis media, with conductive loss in 14 (46.67%) and mixed loss in 13 (43.33%). Both the air and bone conduction thresholds obtained with the tonal audiometry in the acute otitis media group were significantly worse than the controls at all tested frequencies (p< 0.05). In patients with acute otitis media, we observed that the thresholds for frequency >1 kHz (bone conduction) and 3 kHz (air conduction) were significantly worse in patients with tinnitus compared to patients without tinnitus. Conclusion: During the first 7 days of evolution after the onset of an isolated episode of acute otitis media, we observed significant increases in bone and air thresholds at all frequencies, especially >2 kHz, compared to healthy ears.


Resumo Introdução: A otite média aguda é uma doença de elevada incidência global, que pode levar a diversas complicações agudas e sequelas auditivas. Dados referentes à avaliação auditiva na fase aguda da otite média aguda são escassos. Objetivo: Avaliar as principais alterações audiométricas (limiares em via aérea e óssea) na fase inicial de um episódio de otite média aguda. Método: Realizou-se estudo de caso-controle. Selecionamos pacientes com diagnóstico de otite média aguda, com menos de sete dias de evolução em relação ao início das queixas, e voluntários saudáveis foram selecionados como controles. Os grupos otite média aguda e controle foram submetidos a audiometria tonal, vocal e audiometria. Resultados: O grupo otite média aguda incluiu 27 pacientes (30 orelhas). Observou-se presença de perda auditiva em 90% das orelhas com otite média aguda, condutiva em 14 (46,67%) e mista em 13 (43,33%). Tanto os limiares auditivos por via aérea quanto os limiares por via óssea obtidos com audiometria tonal do grupo otite média aguda eram significativamente piores em relação aos controles, em todas as frequências testadas (p < 0,05). Em pacientes com otite média aguda, observamos que os limiares das frequências acima de 1 kHz (via óssea) e 3 kHz (via aérea) eram significantemente piores entre pacientes com zumbido em comparação a pacientes sem zumbido. Conclusão: Nos primeiros sete dias de evolução do quadro inicial de um episódio isolado de otite média aguda, observamos aumentos significativos dos limiares ósseos e aéreos em todas as frequências, principalmente nas acima de 2 kHz, em comparação a orelhas sadias.


Subject(s)
Humans , Otitis Media/complications , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/etiology , Audiometry, Pure-Tone , Auditory Threshold , Bone Conduction , Case-Control Studies
18.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 86(5): 568-578, Sept.-Oct. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1132642

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Evidences of possible effects of early age otitis media with effusion in the central auditory processing, emphasize the need to consider such effects also in subjects with chronic otitis media. Aim: To investigate and analyze the impact of non-cholesteatomatous chronic otitis media on central auditory processing in teenagers. Methods: This is a study in which 68 teenagers were recruited, 34 with a diagnosis of non-cholesteatomatous chronic otitis media (study group) and 34 without otological disease history (control group). The evaluation of the subjects consisted of: anamnesis, pure-tone threshold audiometry, speech audiometry and a behavioral test battery for assessment of central auditory processing. Results: A statistically significant difference was found between the means observed in the study and control groups in all tests performed. An association was found between the control group and subgroups of the study group with unilateral alterations in all tests. An association was shown between the results for the control group and study group for family income, with a greater impact on subjects with a lower income. Conclusions: Non-cholesteatomatous chronic otitis media affects the central auditory processing in teenagers suffering from the disorder, and monaural low-redundancy hearing is the most affected auditory mechanism. Unilateral conductive changes cause more damage than bilateral ones, and lower family income seems to lead to more changes to the central auditory processing of subjects with non-cholesteatomatous chronic otitis media.


Resumo Introdução: As evidências de prováveis efeitos de otite média com efusão precoce no proces-samento auditivo central, ressaltam a necessidade de se considerar tais efeitos também em sujeitos com otite média crônica. Objetivo: Investigar e analisar o impacto da otite média crônica não colesteatomatosa no processamento auditivo central em adolescentes. Método: Estudo para o qual foram recrutados 68 adolescentes, 34 com diagnóstico de otite média crônica não colesteatomatosa (grupo de estudo) e 34 sem história otológica (grupo controle). A avaliação dos indivíduos consistiu de: anamnese, audiometria do limiar auditivo para tons puros, audiometria vocal e bateria de testes comportamentais para avaliação do processamento auditivo central. Resultados: Foi encontrada uma diferença estatisticamente significante entre as médias observadas nos grupos de estudo e controle em todos os testes. Foi encontrada uma associação entre o grupo controle e os subgrupos do grupo de estudo com alterações unilaterais em todos os testes. Houve associação entre os resultados dos grupos controle e de estudo para a renda familiar, com maior impacto nos indivíduos com menor renda. Conclusões: A otite média crônica não colesteatomatosa afeta o processamento auditivo central em adolescentes, a audição monoaural de baixa redundância é o mecanismo auditivo mais afetado. Alterações condutivas unilaterais causam mais danos do que as bilaterais e a menor renda familiar parece conduzir a mais alterações no processamento auditivo central de indivíduos com otite média crônica não colesteatomatosa.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Young Adult , Otitis Media , Audiometry, Pure-Tone , Audiometry, Speech , Chronic Disease , Hearing
19.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 86(3): 364-369, May-June 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1132597

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Tympanoplasty is performed to close the tympanic membrane perforation and recover the hearing level of patients with non-suppurative chronic otitis media. Endoscopic tympanoplasty has recently been increasingly preferred by ear nose and throat surgeons to treat tympanic membrane perforations. Objective: The aim of this study is to discuss the outcomes of patients undergoing endoscopic tympanoplasty performed by a young surgeon in a secondary hospital in the context of the literature. Methods: Fifty patients undergoing endoscopic Type 1 tympanoplasty between February 1, 2017 and February 1, 2018, were included. The patients' age, gender, perforation side and size, preoperative and postoperative pure tone audiometry, graft failure, postoperative pain and complication status were evaluated. Results: The graft success rate was 94% at 6 months postoperatively. Audiometry thresholds were obtained at frequencies of 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 kHz. Preoperative pure tone audiometric thresholds were 41.6, 36.3, 34.1, and 39.1 dB, and postoperative, 6 months after surgery, 19.5, 17.8, 17.5, and 20.8 dB. Pure tone audiometry air-bone gaps at the same frequencies changed from 30.5, 24.6, 22.2, and 28.6 dB preoperatively, to 11.0, 9.3, 8.6, and 13.9 dB 6 month after the surgery. There was a statistically significant improvement between the preoperative and postoperative pure tone audiometry, and air bone gaps at all measured frequencies (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Endoscopic transcanal cartilage tympanoplasty has become more commonly performed by otolaryngologists due to the shortening of operation and hospitalization times as well as similar audiological results to those obtained with microscopic tympanoplasty. The surgical and audiological results of a young ear nose throat specialist can reach a similar level of success to those of experienced surgeons, due to a fast learning curve.


Resumo Introdução: A timpanoplastia é realizada para fechar a perfuração da membrana timpânica e restaurar a audição de pacientes com otite média crônica não-supurativa. Recentemente, a timpanoplastia endoscópica tem se tornado a técnica preferida por cirurgiões otorrinolaringologistas, com indicação crescente em casos de perfurações timpânicas. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo é discutir os resultados em pacientes submetidos a timpanoplastia endoscópica realizada por um jovem cirurgião em um hospital secundário, no contexto da literatura. Método: Cinquenta pacientes submetidos a timpanoplastia endoscópica Tipo 1 entre 1° de fevereiro de 2017 e 1° de fevereiro de 2018 foram incluídos. A idade dos pacientes, sexo, lado e tamanho da perfuração, limiares da audiometria tonal pré-operatória e pós-operatória, falha do enxerto, dor pós-operatória e ocorrência de complicações foram avaliados. Resultados: A taxa de sucesso do enxerto foi de 94% aos 6 meses de pós-operatório. Nas frequências de 0,5, 1, 2 e 4 kHz, a audiometria tonal pré-operatória mostrava limiares de 41,6; 36,3; 34,1 e 39,1 dB e a pós-operatória após 6 meses, revelou limiares de 19,5; 17,8; 17,5 e 20,8 dB. Nas mesmas frequências, os gaps aéreo-ósseos pré-operatório na audiometria tonal eram de 30,5; 24,6; 22,2 e 28,6 dB e com 6 meses de pós-operatório, de 11,0; 9,3; 8,6 e 13,9 dB. Houve melhora estatisticamente significante entre os limiares da audiometria tonal pré- e pós-operatória em todas as frequências (p < 0,05). Houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os gaps aéreo-ósseo pré- e pós-operatório, ocorrendo diminuição dos mesmos em todas as frequências (p < 0,05). Conclusão: A timpanoplastia endoscópica com cartilagem por via transcanal tem sido mais comumente realizada pelo otorrinolaringologista devido ao menor tempo de cirurgia e hospitalização e resultados audiológicos semelhantes aos com o uso de microscópico. Os resultados cirúrgicos e audiológicos de um jovem especialista em otorrinolaringologia podem atingir um nível semelhante ao de cirurgiões experientes, com uma rápida curva de aprendizado.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Tympanoplasty/methods , Tympanic Membrane Perforation/surgery , Endoscopy/methods , Postoperative Period , Audiometry, Pure-Tone , Chronic Disease , Treatment Outcome , Tympanic Membrane Perforation/etiology
20.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 86(2): 149-156, March-Apr. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1132569

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Hearing acuity, central auditory processing and cognition contribute to the speech recognition difficulty experienced by older adults. Therefore, quantifying the contribution of these factors on speech recognition problem is important in order to formulate a holistic and effective rehabilitation. Objective: To examine the relative contributions of auditory functioning and cognition status to speech recognition in quiet and in noise. Methods: We measured speech recognition in quiet and in composite noise using the Malay Hearing in noise test on 72 native Malay speakers (60-82 years) older adults with normal to mild hearing loss. Auditory function included pure tone audiogram, gaps-in-noise, and dichotic digit tests. Cognitive function was assessed using the Malay Montreal cognitive assessment. Results: Linear regression analyses using backward elimination technique revealed that had the better ear four frequency average (0.5-4 kHz) (4FA), high frequency average and Malay Montreal cognitive assessment attributed to speech perception in quiet (total r2 = 0.499). On the other hand, high frequency average, Malay Montreal cognitive assessment and dichotic digit tests contributed significantly to speech recognition in noise (total r2 = 0.307). Whereas the better ear high frequency average primarily measured the speech recognition in quiet, the speech recognition in noise was mainly measured by cognitive function. Conclusions: These findings highlight the fact that besides hearing sensitivity, cognition plays an important role in speech recognition ability among older adults, especially in noisy environments. Therefore, in addition to hearing aids, rehabilitation, which trains cognition, may have a role in improving speech recognition in noise ability of older adults.


Resumo Introdução: A alteração da acuidade auditiva, do processamento auditivo central e da cognição são fatores que contribuem para a dificuldade de reconhecimento da fala em idosos. Portanto, quantificar a contribuição desses fatores no problema de reconhecimento da fala é importante para a formulação de uma reabilitação holística e efetiva. Objetivo: Examinar as contribuições relativas do funcionamento auditivo e do estado cognitivo para o reconhecimento da fala no silêncio e no ruído. Método: Nós medimos o reconhecimento de fala no silêncio e no ruído composto com o teste Malay hearing in noise test em 72 idosos malaios nativos falantes (60-82 anos) com audição normal a perda auditiva de grau leve. A avaliação da função auditiva incluiu audiograma de tons puros, teste gaps-in-noise e testes dicótico de dígitos. A função cognitiva foi avaliada pelo teste Malay Montreal cognitive assessment. Resultados: Análises de regressão linear com técnicas de eliminação backward na orelha melhor revelaram média de quatro frequências (0,5-4 kHz) (4AF), média de alta frequência e teste Malay Montreal cognitive assessment na orelha melhor, mensurada pela percepção da fala no silêncio (r2 total = 0,499). Por outro lado, a média de alta frequência, Malay Montreal cognitive assessment e o teste dicótico de dígitos contribuíram significativamente para o reconhecimento da fala no ruído (r2 total = 0,307). Enquanto a média de alta frequência da melhor orelha mediu principalmente o reconhecimento da fala no silêncio, o reconhecimento da fala no ruído foi mensurado principalmente pela função cognitiva. Conclusões: Esses achados destacam o fato de que, além da sensibilidade auditiva, a cognição desempenha um papel importante na capacidade de reconhecimento da fala em idosos, principalmente em ambientes ruidosos. Portanto, além de aparelhos auditivos, a reabilitação, que treina a cognição, pode ter um papel na melhoria da capacidade do reconhecimento da fala no ruído entre os idosos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Presbycusis/physiopathology , Auditory Threshold/physiology , Speech Perception/physiology , Cognition/physiology , Noise , Presbycusis/diagnosis , Audiometry, Pure-Tone , Speech Reception Threshold Test , Acoustic Stimulation/methods , Hearing Tests
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